A one-day Workshop (9am-5pm)

Introduction to Statistical Data Analysis Using SPSS

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With more than 45 participants, it as a wonderful quantitative research day. 

On the 23^rd January, we started at 9:00am discussing general concepts of research methodology and statistical data analysis. We emphasized that what matters most in research doing is the appropriateness of the research design based on which he data is generated. With the informative comments and challenging questions imposed by the participants, our day went on as a real knowledge sharing session. Under the umbrella of the Quantitative Research Clinic (QRC), the participants were invited to future free knowledge sharing sessions to be organized by the QRC team members.  

A big THANK YOU to the QRC organizing team represented by Mr Fahmi Frarah and Ibrahim Al-Matri for the well-organized session. In addition, I would like to express my thanks to all the participants from whom I leaned a lot and new insights were gained.

Wish we can have similar opportunities in the future

Thank you to all

Statistical Modeling Workshop in Penang
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Thanks to the Yemeni Students Union for organizing a workshop on

Statistical Modeling using SPSS. In That workshop, I have gone 

through the basic concepts of modeling the data and examining the 

hypothesized models. Before that, we had a discussion on the data 

exploration and descriptive statistics. The basic of hypothesis 

testing steps were followed and tests like One sample T test, Two 

Independent Samples T Test, and Paired Samples T test were 

discussed. ANOVA Analysis was given a special attention before 

correlation analysis was discussed.

Multiple Linear Regression was illustrated through an empirical 
example and the outputs were read and analyzed to assess the quality of the model.

It was a one day workshop, but I learned a lot from all the participants and will never forget the good time we spent together.

I hope we can have other chances to have future academic activities.

Thank you to you all my dear friends 

Advanced Quantitative Analysis REZZEN Melaka

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Thank you so much dear Friends

It was my pleasure to have the chance to discuss many topics related to the Advanced Quantitative Analysis course ,for DBA students, with a very wonderful group of doctorate students in REZZEN Melaka. During our 8 meetings we learned many Factor Analysis and Regression and Hierarchical Regression Analyses in SPSS. Moreover, we had an enjoyable journey in Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) using AMOS and SmartPLS packages. Through the discussion and motivating comments, I have learned a lot and was inspired to dive deep in the statistical modeling ocean.

Many Thanks to you all my friends and hope we can cross paths in the future.

Wish you all the best in all your future research endeavors.   

"Introduction to Quantitative Data Analysis"

A Module of Doctoral Training to a group of Indonesian Students, EDC Hotel, UUM

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It was a good time for me to have the chance to discuss some issues related to statistical data analysis with a group of 12 PhD students from Indonesia at the EDC Hotel UUM. Thank you friends I learned a lot from you all.

Advanced Quantitative Analysis Final Exam, UUM-REZZEN Kuala Lumpur, August 17th

Thank you so much dear friends for the good and fruitful time we spent discussing quantitative research methodology.

 I learned a lot from  you all and Hope we can be in touch for the future.

This course was just the start for you to go to further explore the quantitative research methodology.

I wish you all the best in your future research undertakings.

Reflective and Formative Constructs

The second generation of statistical modeling namely Structural Equations Modeling (SEM)  distinguishes two measurement models: reflective and formative latent measurement constructs (Edwards & Bagozzi, 2000).

In reflective construct, the construct is the cause of the items designed to measure the construct. In other words, the items can reflect the concept in the construct. However, all the items meant to reflect the construct are expected to be correlated and, therefore, some of them can be deleted without affecting the concept in the construct.

As an example, if job satisfaction construct is defined to be measured as a reflective construct, then one can use items such as

•   I like my job.
•   I’m happy in my work,
•   I am unlikely to want to leave this position. As illustrated in Figure 1

 

 

Figure 1: Reflective Construct

On the other hand, in the formative construct, the items are the causes of the construct. Meaningthat, the items meant to measure the construct form the concept in the construct. These items, however, might not be correlated and, therefore, deleting any item(s) may cause that some of the construct aspects are ignored. 

For example, if job satisfaction construct is conceptualized as a formative construct, one can use items such as

•     I am satisfied with my pay,
•    I have a good boss
•     My work hours are ideal.
•   I have many promotion opportunities.
•   I enjoy working with my co-workers,….and so on as illustrated in Figure 2

 

Figure 2: Formative Construct

As a researcher, the first and most important step is to clearly define what we are planning to measure and whether our construct is to be defined reflectively or formatively BEFORE designing a questionnaire or generating items or questions. Specifically, we have first to establish a clear conceptual definitions of our constructs and plan how we are going to measure them.

Reference

Edwards, J. R., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2000). On the nature and direction of relationships between constructs and measures. Psychological Methods, 5, 155-174.